Physical Review D

We show that the long known puzzling branching ratios of open-charm decays in e⁺e^- annihilation can be reasonably described with a simple form factor, which strongly suppresses open channels far above threshold. Application to the e⁺e^-→J/ψππ data on the X(4260) enhancement recently reported by ...

We report on a study of the relative rates of B meson decays into ψ(2S) and J/ψ mesons using 1.3  fb^-1 of pp̅ collisions at sqrt[s] =1.96  TeV recorded by the D0 detector operating at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We observe the channels B_s⁰→ψ(2S)ϕ, B_s⁰→J/ψϕ, B^±→ψ(2...

Using data acquired with the CLEO-c detector at the CESR e⁺e^- collider, we measure branching fractions for J/ψ, ψ(2S), and ψ(3770) decays to γπ⁰, γη, and γη^′. Defining R_n≡B[ψ(nS)→γη]/B[ψ(nS)→γη^′], we obtain R₁=(21.1±0.9)% and, unexpectedly, an order of magnitude smaller lim...

We have performed a search for the rare leptonic decays B⁺→ℓ⁺ν_ℓ(l=e,μ), using data collected at the Υ(4S) resonance by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage ring. In a sample of 468×10⁶ BB̅ pairs we find no evidence for a signal and set an upper limit on the branching fraction...

Motivated by the recent observation of the high energy electron and positron excesses in cosmic ray by PAMELA and ATIC/PPB-BETS, we suggest an anomaly-free scenario for the universal extra dimension that localizes the standard model quarks and splits the spectrum of Kaluza-Klein (KK) quarks from KK ...

We examine various direct and indirect experimental constraints on the nearly minimal supersymmetric standard model (nMSSM) and obtain the following observations: (i) Current experiments stringently constrain the parameter space, setting a range of 1∼37  GeV for the lightest neutralino χ˜₁⁰...

The resummation of soft gluon exchange for QCD hard scattering requires a matrix of anomalous dimensions, which has been computed through two loops. The two-loop matrix is proportional to the one-loop matrix. Recently there have been proposals that this proportionality extends to higher loops. One c...

We report on a search for the X(1812) state in the decay B^±→K^±ωϕ with a data sample of 657×10⁶ BB̅ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e⁺e^- collider. No significant signal is observed. An upper limit B(B^±→K^±X(1812),X(1812)→ωϕ)lt;3.2×10^-7 (90% C.L.) is dete...

We calculate the orbital angular momentum of the “quark” in the scalar diquark model as well as that of the electron in QED (to order α). We compare the orbital angular momentum obtained from the Jaffe-Manohar decomposition to that obtained from the Ji relation and estimate the importance of th...

We present a new measurement of the e⁺e^-→J/ψcc̅ cross section where the cc̅ pair can fragment either into charmed hadrons or a charmonium state. In the former case the J/ψ and a charmed hadron are reconstructed, while the latter process is measured using the recoil mass techn...

We study transitions between Υ states with the emission of charged pions using 604.6  fb^-1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e⁺e^- collider. The measured product branching fraction is B(Υ(4S)→Υ(1S)π⁺π^-)×B(Υ(1S)→μ⁺μ^-)=(2.11±0.30(stat)±0.14(sys))...

We present measurements of the branching fraction and fraction of longitudinal polarization for the decay B⁺→K̅ ^*0K^*+ with a sample of (467±5)×10⁶ BB̅ pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e⁺e^- collider at the SLAC National Accelerator Laborat...

We aim to offer a kind of unifying view on two popular topics in the studies of nonperturbative aspects of Yang-Mills theories in the Landau gauge: the so-called Gribov-Zwanziger approach and the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion. Borrowing results from statistical thermodynamics, we show that imposi...

The temperature and polarization inhomogeneities of the cosmic microwave background might bear the mark of predecoupling magnetism. The parameters of a putative magnetized background are hereby estimated, for the first time, from the observed temperature autocorrelation as well as from the measured ...

Using numerical methods we present the first full nonlinear study of a phantom scalar field accreted into a black hole. We study different initial configurations and find that the accretion of the field into the black hole can reduce its area down to 50 percent within time scales of the order of few...

Working within the theory of modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity, we show that Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker–like power-law solutions only exist for a very special class of f(G) theories. Furthermore, we point out that any transition from decelerated to accelerated expansion must pass through G=0...

We discuss the coupling of heavy moduli fields to light fields when the dynamics of the latter, absent such couplings, yields metastable vacua. We show that the survival of the vacuum structure of the local model depends nontrivially on the cross couplings of the two sectors. In particular we find t...

We study numerically black-hole formation from a collapsing massless scalar field. The use of Painlevé-Gullstrand coordinates allows the evolution to proceed until singularity formation. We generate spacetime maps of the collapse, illustrating the evolution of apparent horizons for various initial ...

We revisit the mechanism for violating the weak cosmic-censorship conjecture (WCCC) by overspinning a nearly-extreme charged black hole. The mechanism consists of an incoming massless neutral scalar particle, with low energy and large angular momentum, tunneling into the hole. We investigate the eff...

Our model consists of intersecting 22^′55^′ branes in M theory distributed uniformly in the common transverse space. Equations of state follow from U duality symmetries. In this model, three spatial directions expand, and seven directions stabilize to constant sizes. From a string theory perspec...

We show that the theory of Breit-Wigner resonances can be used as an efficient numerical tool to compute black hole quasinormal modes. For illustration, we focus on the Schwarzschild anti–de Sitter (SAdS) spacetime. The resonance method is better suited to small SAdS black holes than the traditio...

The constraints on departures from general relativity (GR) at cosmological length scales due to cosmic microwave background (CMB) data are discussed. The departure from GR is measured by the ratio, parametrized as 1+ϖ₀(1+z)^-S, between the gravitational potentials conventionally appearing in the geo...

We present an analytical formalism, within the effective-one-body framework, which predicts gravitational-wave signals from inspiralling and coalescing black-hole binaries that agree, within numerical errors, with the results of the currently most accurate numerical-relativity simulations for severa...

We critically examine the recent claim that the standard model (SM) Higgs boson H could drive inflation in agreement with observations if |H|² has a strong coupling ξ∼10⁴ to the Ricci curvature scalar. We first show that the effective-theory approach upon which that claim is based ceases to be va...

The possibility of explaining the positron and electron excess recently found by the PAMELA and ATIC Collaborations in terms of dark matter (DM) annihilation has attracted considerable attention. Models surviving bounds from, e.g., antiproton production generally fall into two classes, where either ...

A fully relativistic analysis of gravitational lensing in tensor-vector-scalar (TeVeS) theory is presented. By estimating the lensing masses for a set of six lenses from the CASTLES database, and then comparing them to the stellar mass, the deficit between the two is obtained and analyzed. Consideri...

We consider asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes in three-dimensional topologically massive gravity with a negative cosmological constant, for all values of the mass parameter μ (μ≠0). We provide consistent boundary conditions that accommodate the recent solutions considered in the literatu...

We study higher derivative corrections to the statistical entropy function and the statistical entropy for five-dimensional Breckenridge-Myers-Peet-Vafa black holes by doing the asymptotic expansion of the partition function. This enables us to evaluate entropy for a large range of charges, even out...

Atomic clock comparisons provide some of the most precise tests of Lorentz and CPT symmetries in the laboratory. With data from multiple such experiments using different nuclei, it is possible to constrain new regions of the parameter space for Lorentz violation. Relativistic effects in the nuclei a...

We show that a semiclassical polymerization of the interior of Schwarzschild black holes gives rise to a tantalizing candidate for a nonsingular, single-horizon black hole spacetime. The exterior has nonzero quantum stress energy but closely approximates the classical spacetime for macroscopic black...

The next generation of gravitational wave (gw) detectors is expected to fully enter into the quantum regime of force and displacement detection. With this aim, it is important to scale up the experiments on opto-mechanical effects from the microscopic regime to large mass systems and test the scheme...

We present a simple variation of warped flavor models where the hierarchies of fermion masses and mixings are still explained but dangerous flavor-violating effects in the Kaon sector are greatly reduced. The key new ingredients are two horizontal U(1) symmetries. These symmetries forbid flavor viol...

The electroweak phase transition and the sphaleron decoupling condition in the minimal supersymmetric standard model are revisited taking the latest experimental data into account. The light Higgs boson scenario and the ordinary decoupling limit, which are classified by the relative size between the...

We study the evolution of massive mixed Dirac and Majorana neutrinos in matter under the influence of a transversal magnetic field. The analysis is based on relativistic quantum mechanics. We solve exactly the evolution equation for relativistic neutrinos, find the neutrino wave functions, and calcu...

In order to explore the possible existence of the exotic 0^-- state, we have constructed the tetraquark interpolating operators systematically. As a byproduct, we notice the 0^+- tetraquark operators without derivatives do not exist. The special Lorentz structure of the 0^-- currents forbids the four-q...

We report our numerical lattice QCD calculations of the isovector nucleon form factors for the vector and axial-vector currents: the vector, induced tensor, axial-vector, and induced pseudoscalar form factors. The calculation is carried out with the gauge configurations generated with N_f=2+1 dynamic...

We provide a novel mechanism that resolves the big bang singularity present in Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker space-times without the need for ghost fields. Building on the fact that a four-fermion interaction arises in general relativity when fermions are covariantly coupled, we show that at ea...

Arguably a major success of the landscape picture is the prediction of a small, nonzero vacuum energy density. The details of this prediction depend in part on how the diverging spacetime volume of the multiverse is regulated, a question that remains unresolved. One proposal, the causal diamond meas...

In considering the gravitational collapse of matter, it is an important problem to clarify what kind of conditions leads to the formation of naked singularity. For this purpose, we apply the 1+3 orthonormal frame formalism introduced by Uggla et al. to the spherically symmetric gravitational collap...

The Christodoulou memory is a nonlinear contribution to the gravitational-wave field that is sourced by the gravitational-wave stress-energy tensor. For quasicircular, inspiralling binaries, the Christodoulou memory produces a growing, nonoscillatory change in the gravitational-wave “plus” polar...

We calculate the direct dark matter detection spin-independent and proton spin-dependent cross sections for a semirealistic intersecting D6-brane model. The cross sections are compared to the latest constraints of the current dark matter direct detection experiments, as well as the projected results...

Black branes are studied in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Evaporation drives black branes toward one of two singularities depending on the sign of α, the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. For positive α and sufficiently large ratio sqrt[α] /L, where L/2π is the radius of compactification, black branes avo...

We study potentially observable consequences of spatiotemporal discreteness for the motion of massive and massless particles. First we describe some simple models for the motion of a massive point particle in a fixed causal set background. If the causal set is faithfully embeddable in Minkoswki spac...

An infinite family of new exact solutions of the vacuum Einstein equations is presented. The solutions are static and axially symmetric and correspond to an infinite family of thin dust disks with a central inner edge. The metric functions of all the solutions can be explicitly computed, and can be ...

In SU(N) gauge theories with fermions in the fundamental or in a two-index (either symmetric or antisymmetric) representation formulated on a manifold with at least one compact dimension with nontrivial holonomy the discrete symmetries C, P, and T are broken at small enough size of the compact direc...

General relativity is a phenomenologically successful theory that rests on firm foundations, but has not been tested on cosmological scales. The deep mystery of dark energy (and possibly even the requirement of cold dark matter), has increased the need for testing modifications to general relativity...

Accurate modeling of gravitational wave emission by extreme-mass ratio inspirals is essential for their detection by the LISA mission. A leading perturbative approach involves the calculation of the self-force acting upon the smaller orbital body. In this work, we present the first application of th...

We investigate the scalar Green function for spherically symmetric spacetimes expressed as a coordinate series expansion in the separation of the points. We calculate the series expansion of the function V(x,x^′) appearing in the Hadamard parametrix of the scalar Green function to very high order. ...

A detailed nonlinear analysis of the internal structure of spherical, charged black holes that are accreting scalar matter is performed in the framework of the Brans-Dicke theory of gravity. We choose the lowest value of the Brans-Dicke parameter that is compatible with observational constraints. Fi...

Since the structure of space-time at very short distances is believed to get modified possibly due to noncommutativity effects and as the Dirac quantization condition, μe=N / 2ℏc, probes the magnetic field point singularity, a natural question arises whether the same condition will still ...

We evaluate at one loop the self-energies for the W, Z mesons in the electroweak model where the gauge group is nonlinearly realized. In this model the Higgs boson parameters are absent, while a second mass parameter appears together with a scale for the radiative corrections. We estimate these para...

We comment on the calculational mistake in the paper “Modeling galaxy halos using dark matter with pressure” by Somnath Bharadwaj and Sayan Kar. The authors made a mistake while calculating the metric, which led to an overestimate of the deflection angle of light passing through the halos for -1...

Transverse parton momentum dependent distribution functions (TMDs) of the nucleon are studied in a covariant model, which describes the intrinsic motion of partons in terms of a covariant momentum distribution. The consistency of the approach is demonstrated, and model relations among TMDs are studied. As a byproduct it is shown how the approach allows to formulate the non-relativisticnbsp;limit.

We study the fermion pair production from a strong electric field in boost-invariant coordinates in (3+1) dimensions and exploit the cylindrical symmetry of the problem. This problem has been used previously as a toy model for populating the central-rapidity region of a heavy-ion collision (when we can replace the electric by a chromoelectric field). We derive and solve the renormalized equations for the dynamics of the mean electric field and current of the produced particles, when the field is taken to be a function only of the fluid proper time t = {t2-z2}. We determine the proper-time evolution of the comoving energy density and pressure of the ensuing plasma and the time evolution of suitable interpolating number operators. We find that unlike in 1+1 dimensions, the energy density e closely follows the longitudinal pressure. The transverse momentum distribution of fermion pairs at large momentum is quite different and larger than that expected from the constant field result.

CP violation from physics beyond the Standard Model may reside in triple boson vertices of the electroweak theory. We review the effective theory description and discuss how CP violating contributions to these vertices might be discerned by electric dipole moments (EDM) or diboson production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Despite triple boson CP violating interactions entering EDMs only at the two-loop level, we find that EDM experiments are generally more powerful than the diboson processes. To give example to these general considerations we perform the comparison between EDMs and collider observables within supersymmetric theories that have heavy sfermions, such that substantive EDMs at the one-loop level are disallowed. EDMs generally remain more powerful probes, and next-generation EDM experiments may surpass even the most optimistic assumptions for LHC sensitivities.

Using the most general form of the interpolating current of the baryons, the strong coupling constants of the light vector mesons with the octet baryons are calculated within the light cone QCD sum rules. The SU(3)f symmetry breaking effects are taken into account in the calculations. It is shown that each of the electric and magnetic coupling constants can be described in terms of three universal functions. A detailed comparison of the results of this work on aforementioned couplings with the existing theoretical results is presented.

Half-life estimates for neutrinoless double beta decay depend on particle physics models for lepton flavor violation, as well as on nuclear physics models for the structure and transitions of candidate nuclei. Different models considered in the literature can be contrasted-via prospective data-with a "standard" scenario characterized by light Majorana neutrino exchange and by the quasiparticle random phase approximation, for which the theoretical covariance matrix has been recently estimated. We show that, assuming future half-life data in four promising nuclei (76Ge, 82Se, 130Te, and 136Xe), the standard scenario can be distinguished from a few nonstandard physics models, while being compatible with alternative state-of-the-art nuclear calculations (at 95% C.L.). Future signals in different nuclei may thus help to discriminate at least some decay mechanisms, without being spoiled by current nuclear uncertainties. Prospects for possible improvements are also discussed.

We calculate the equation of state in 2+1 flavor QCD at finite temperature with physical strange quark mass and almost physical light quark masses using lattices with temporal extent Nt=8. Calculations have been performed with two different improved staggered fermion actions, the asqtad and p4 actions. Overall, we find good agreement between results obtained with these two O(a2) improved staggered fermion discretization schemes. A comparison with earlier calculations on coarser lattices is performed to quantify systematic errors in current studies of the equation of state. We also present results for observables that are sensitive to deconfining and chiral aspects of the QCD transition on Nt=6 and 8 lattices. We find that deconfinement and chiral symmetry restoration happen in the same narrow temperature interval. In an appendix we present a simple parametrization of the equation of state that can easily be used in hydrodynamic model calculations. In this parametrization we include an estimate of current uncertainties in the lattice calculations which arise from cutoff and quark mass effects.

Standard Model Higgs pair production at e+e- colliders has the capability to determine the Higgs boson self-coupling l. I present a detailed analysis of the e+e- ZHH and e+e-n[`(n)] HH signal channels, and the relevant background processes, for future e+e- linear colliders with center of mass energies of s=0.5nbsp;TeV, 1nbsp;TeV, and 3nbsp;TeV. Special attention is given to the role non-resonant Feynman diagrams play, and the theoretical uncertainties of signal and background cross sections. I also derive quantitative sensitivity limits for l. I find that an e+e- collider with s=0.5nbsp;TeV can place meaningful bounds on l only if the Higgs boson mass is relatively close to its current lower limit. At an e+e- collider with s=1nbsp;TeV (3nbsp;TeV), l can be determined with a precision of 20-80% (10-20%) for integrated luminosities in the few ab-1 range and Higgs boson masses in the range mH=120-180nbsp;GeV.

A generalization of non-Abelian gauge theories of compact Lie groups is developed by gauging the non-compact group of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms of a D-dimensional space R D. This group is represented on the space of fields defined on M 4times;R D. As usual the gauging requires the introduction of a covariant derivative, a gauge field and a field strength operator. An invariant and minimal gauge field Lagrangian is derived. The classical field dynamics and the conservation laws of the new gauge theory are developed. Finally, the theory's Hamiltonian in the axial gauge and its Hamiltonian field dynamics are derived. What is beauty? It is ... the unity of the manifold, the coalescence of the diverseSamuel Taylor Coleridge, in On Poesy or Art. Footnotes: Samuel Taylor Coleridge, in On Poesy or Art..

Classical Isometrodynamics is quantized in the Euclidean plus axial gauge. The quantization is then generalized to a broad class of gauges and the generating functional for the Green functions of Quantum Isometrodynamics (QID) is derived. Feynman rules in covariant Euclidean gauges are determined and QID is shown to be renormalizable by power counting. Asymptotic states are discussed and new quantum numbers related to the #239;nner" degrees of freedom introduced. The one-loop effective action in a Euclidean background gauge is formally calculated and shown to be finite and gauge-invariant after renormalization and a consistent definition of the arising #239;nner" space momentum integrals. Pure QID is shown to be asymptotically free for all dimensions of #239;nner" space D whereas QID coupled to the Standard Model fields is not asymptotically free for D 7. Finally nilpotent BRST transformations for Isometrodynamics are derived along with the BRST symmetry of the theory and a scetch of the general proof of renormalizability for QID is given.

We present the results of Monte-Carlo simulations of three-dimensional electromagnetic cascade initiated by interactions of the multi-TeV s with the cosmological infrared/optical photon background in the intergalactic medium. Secondary electrons in the cascade are deflected by the intergalactic magnetic fields before they scatter on CMB photons. This leads to extended 0.1-10 degree scale emission at multi-GeV and TeV energies around extragalactic sources of very-high-energy s. The morphology of the extended emission depends, in general, on the properties of magnetic fields in the intergalactic medium. Using Monte-Carlo simulated data sets, we demonstrate that the decrease of the size of extended source with the increase of energy allows to measure weak magnetic fields with magnitudes in the range from 10-16 G to 10-12G if they exist in the voids of the Large Scale Structure.

We find a unique way of realizing inflation through cyclic phases in an universe with negative vacuum energy. According to the second law of thermodynamics entropy monotonically increases from cycle to cycle, typically by a constant factor. This means that the scale factor at the same energy density in consecutive cycles also increases by a constant factor. If the time period of the oscillations remain approximately constant then this leads to an "over all" exponential growth of the scale factor, mimicking inflation. A graceful exit from this inflationary phase is possible as a dynamical scalar field can take us from the negative to a positive energy vacuum during the last contracting phase.

In previous work [L.nbsp;Blanchet and A.nbsp;Lenbsp;Tiec, Phys. Rev. D 78, 024031 (2008)], a model of dark matter and dark energy based on the concept of gravitational polarization was investigated. This model was shown to recover the concordance cosmological scenario (L-CDM) at cosmological scales, and the phenomenology of the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) at galactic scales. In this article we prove that the model can be formulated with a simple and physically meaningful matter action in general relativity. We also provide alternative derivations of the main results of the model, and some details on the variation of the action.

In previous work, we analyzed the linear and nonlinear stability of static, spherically symmetric wormhole solutions to Einstein's field equations coupled to a massless ghost scalar field. Our analysis revealed that all these solutions are unstable with respect to linear and nonlinear spherically symmetric perturbations and showed that the perturbation causes the wormholes to either decay to a Schwarzschild black hole or undergo a rapid expansion. Here, we consider charged generalization of the previous models by adding to the gravitational and ghost scalar field an electromagnetic one. We first derive the most general static, spherically symmetric wormholes in this theory and show that they give rise to a four-parameter family of solutions. This family can be naturally divided into subcritical, critical and supercritical solutions depending on the sign of the sum of the asymptotic masses. Then, we analyze the linear stability of these solutions. We prove that all subcritical and all critical solutions possess one exponentially in time growing mode. It follows that all subcritical and critical wormholes are linearly unstable. In the supercritical case we provide numerical evidence for the existence of a similar unstable mode.

We present a Lagrangian for a massive, charged spin 3/2 field in a constant external electromagnetic background, which correctly propagates only physical degrees of freedom inside the light cone. The Velo-Zwanziger acausality and other pathologies such as loss of hyperbolicity or the appearance of unphysical degrees of freedom are avoided by a judicious choice of non-minimal couplings. No additional fields or equations besides the spin 3/2 ones are needed to solve the problem.

We study the annihilating dark matter contribution to the extra-galactic diffuse gamma-ray background spectrum, motivated by the recent observations of cosmic-ray positron/electron anomalies. The observed diffuse gamma-ray flux provides stringent constraint on dark matter models and we present upper bounds on the annihilation cross section of the dark matter. It is found that for the case of cored dark matter halo profile, the diffuse gamma-rays give more stringent bound compared with gamma-rays from the Galactic center. The Fermi satellite will make the bound stronger.

We reformulate an approach fist given by Barbour and Bertotti (BB) for implementing Mach's principle for non-relativistic particles. This reformulation can deal with arbitrary symmetry groups and finite group elements. Applying these techniques to U(1) and SU(N) invariant scalar field theories, we show that BB's proposal is nearly equivalent to defining a covariant derivative using a dynamical connection. We then propose a modified version of the BB method which implements Mach's principle using gauge theory techniques and argue that this modified method is equivalent to the original. Given this connection between the particle models and Yang-Mills theories, we consider the effect of dynamic curvature as a possible generalization of the BB scheme. Since the BB method can be used as a novel way of deriving geometrodynamics, the connection with gauge theory may shed new light on the gauge properties of the gravitational field.

The heat capacities and the electric capacitances of charged BTZ black hole are first calculated. By using the equilibrium fluctuation theory of thermodynamics the second-order moments in three different ensembles are obtained, it is found that in the microcanonical ensemble the extremal charged BTZ black hole is a critical point of the second-order phase transition. The critical exponents associated with some response coefficients satisfy the scaling law of the first kind and the effective spatial dimension is determined to be one from the scaling law of the second kind. The Ricci curvature scalar associated with the Ruppeiner thermodynamic metric is calculated, which suggests also the effective spatial dimension of the charged BTZ black hole is one.

Dark matter annihilation in galactic substructure would imprint characteristic angular signatures on the all-sky map of the diffuse gamma-ray background. We study the gamma-ray background anisotropy due to the subhalos and discuss detectability at Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. In contrast to earlier work that relies on simulated all-sky maps, we derive analytic formulae that enable to directly compute the angular power spectrum, given parameters of subhalos such as mass function and radial profile of gamma-ray luminosity. As our fiducial subhalo models, we adopt M-1.9 mass spectrum, subhalos radial distribution suppressed towards the galactic center, and luminosity profile of each subhalo dominated by its smooth component. We find that, for multipole regime corresponding to q\alt 5, the angular power spectrum is dominated by a noise-like term, with suppression due to internal structure of relevant subhalos. If the mass spectrum extends down to Earth-mass scale, then the subhalos would be detected in the anisotropy with Fermi at angular scales of ~ 10, if their contribution to the gamma-ray background is larger than ~ 20%. If the minimum mass is around 104 M\odot, on the other hand, the relevant angular scale for detection is ~ 1, and the anisotropy detection requires that the subhalo contribution to the gamma-ray background intensity is only ~ 4%. These can be achieved with a modest boost for particle physics parameters. We also find that the anisotropy analysis could be a more sensitive probe for the subhalos than individual detection. We also study dependence on model parameters, where we reach the similar conclusions for all the models investigated. The analytic approach should be very useful when Fermi data are analyzed and the obtained angular power spectrum is interpreted in terms of subhalo models.

We study BPS vortices in the mass-deformed non-relativistic \C N=6 U(N)ktimes;U(N)-k Chern-Simons-matter theory. We focus on the massive deformation that preserves the maximal \C N=6 supersymmetry, and consider a non-relativistic limit that carry 14 supercharges. In this non-relativistic field theory we find Jackiw-Pi type exact vortex solutions combined with S3 fuzzy sphere geometry. We analyse their properties and show that they preserve one dynamical, one conformal and five kinematical supersymmetries among the full super Schr#246;dinger symmetry.

The luminosity-redshift relation of cosmological standard candles provides information about the relative energy composition of our Universe. In particular, the observation of type Ia supernovae up to redshift of z ~ 2 indicate a universe which is dominated today by dark matter and dark energy. The propagation distance of light from these sources is of the order of the Hubble radius and serves as a very sensitive probe of feeble inelastic photon interactions with background matter, radiation or magnetic fields. In this paper we discuss the limits on mini-charged particle models arising from a dimming effect in supernova surveys. We briefly speculate about a strong dimming effect as an alternative to dark energy.

The excesses of the cosmic positron fraction recently measured by PAMELA and the electron spectra by ATIC, PPB-BETS, Fermi and H.E.S.S. indicate the existence of primary electron and positron sources. The possible explanations including dark matter annihilation, decay, and astrophysical origin like pulsars. In this work we show that these three scenarios can all explain the experimental results of the cosmic e excess. However, it may be difficult to discriminate these different scenarios by the local measurements of electrons and positrons. We propose possible discriminations among these scenarios through the synchrotron and inverse Compton radiation of the primary electrons/positrons from the region close to the Galactic center. Taking typical configurations, we find the three scenarios predict quite different spectra and skymaps of the synchrotron and inverse Compton radiation, though there are relatively large uncertainties. The most prominent differences come from the energy band 104 ~ 109 MHz for synchrotron emission and >~10 GeV for inverse Compton emission. It might be able to discriminate at least the annihilating dark matter scenario from the other two given the high precision synchrotron and diffuse g-ray skymaps in the future.

Applying functional renormalization group methods, we describe two inequivalent ways of defining the renormalization group of matter-coupled four dimensional gravity, in the approximation where only the conformal factor is dynamical and taking the trace anomaly explicitly into account. We make contact with earlier work and briefly discuss the presence or absence of fixed points, depending on the truncation of the action and other approximations.

We study the flux and the angular power spectrum of gamma-rays produced by Dark Matter (DM) annihilations in the Milky Way (MW) and in extra-galactic halos. The annihilation signal receives contributions from: a) the smooth MW halo, b) resolved and unresolved substructures in the MW, c) external DM halos at all redshifts, including d) their substructures. Adopting a self-consistent description of local and extra-galactic substructures, we compute the angular power spectrum of gamma-ray anisotropies and show that, quite independently from the prescription used for the concentration parameters c(M,z) , an interesting signature of DM annihilations could soon be discovered by the Fermi LAT satellite at low multipoles, l ~ 100, assuming a particle physics scenario that does not violate gamma-ray constraints from the Galactic Center. The DM contribution to the angular power spectrum is dominated by MW substructures (with mass M 104M\odot ), while, at least for the substructures models that we have adopted, the contribution of extra-galactic annihilations is negligible at all scales. MW subhalos also dominate the annihilation flux in the majority of the sky, with the smooth galactic halo being brighter only in the very central region.

The scheme-dependence of the renormalization group (RG) flow has been investigated in the local potential approximation for two-dimensional periodic, sine-Gordon type field-theoric models discussing the applicability of various functional RG methods in detail. It was shown that scheme-independent determination of such physical parameters is possible as the critical frequency (temperature) at which Kosterlitz-Thouless-Berezinskii type phase transition takes place in the sine-Gordon and the layered sine-Gordon models, and the critical ratio characterizing the Ising type phase transition of the massive sine-Gordon model. For the latter case the Maxwell construction represents a strong constraint on the RG flow which results in a scheme-independent infrared value for the critical ratio. For the massive sine-Gordon model also the shrinking of the domain of the phase with spontaneously broken periodicity is shown to take place due to the quantum fluctuations.