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Phys. Rev. D 61, 024024 (1999) [17 pages]

Is the squeezing of relic gravitational waves produced by inflation detectable?

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Bruce Allen
Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201

Éanna É. Flanagan
Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-5001

Maria Alessandra Papa
INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00040 Frascati (RM), Italy
Albert Einstein Institut, Am Mühlenberg 5, 14476 Golm, Germany

Received 1 July 1999; published 27 December 1999

Grishchuk has shown that the stochastic background of gravitational waves produced by an inflationary phase in the early Universe has an unusual property: it is not a stationary Gaussian random process. Because of squeezing, the phases of the different waves are correlated in a deterministic way, arising from the process of parametric amplification that created them. The resulting random process is Gaussian but non-stationary. This provides a unique signature that could in principle distinguish a background created by inflation from stationary stochastic backgrounds created by other types of processes. We address the question: could this signature be observed with a gravitational wave detector? Sadly, the answer appears to be no: an experiment which could distinguish the non-stationary behavior would have to last approximately the age of the Universe at the time of measurement. This rules out direct detection by ground and space based gravitational wave detectors, but not indirect detections via the electromagnetic cosmic microwave background radiation.

© 1999 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.61.024024
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevD.61.024024
PACS:
04.80.Nn, 07.05.Kf, 95.85.Sz