Phys. Rev. D
62,
072007
(2000)
[12 pages]
Measurement of air shower cores to study the cosmic ray composition in the knee energy region
M. Amenomori et al. (The Tibet ASγ Collaboration)
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M. Amenomori1, S. Ayabe2, Caidong3, Danzengluobu3, L. K. Ding4, Z. Y. Feng5, Y. Fu6, H. W. Guo3, M. He6, K. Hibino7, N. Hotta8, Q. Huang5, A. X. Huo4, K. Izu9, H. Y. Jia5, F. Kajino10, K. Kasahara11, Y. Katayose12, Labaciren3, J. Y. Li6, H. Lu4, S. L. Lu4, G. X. Luo4, X. R. Meng3, K. Mizutani2, J. Mu13, H. Nanjo1, M. Nishizawa14, M. Ohnishi9, I. Ohta8, T. Ouchi7, Z. R. Peng4, J. R. Ren4, T. Saito15, M. Sakata10, T. Sasaki10, Z. Z. Shi4, M. Shibata12, A. Shiomi9, T. Shirai7, H. Sugimoto16, K. Taira16, Y. H. Tan4, N. Tateyama7, S. Torii7, T. Utsugi2, C. R. Wang6, H. Wang4, X. W. Xu4,9, Y. Yamamoto10, G. C. Yu3, A. F. Yuan3, T. Yuda9,17, C. S. Zhang4, H. M. Zhang4, J. L. Zhang4, N. J. Zhang6, X. Y. Zhang6, Zhaxiciren3, and Zhaxisangzhu3 (The Tibet ASγ Collaboration)
1Department of Physics, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan 2Department of Physics, Saitama University, Urawa 338-8570, Japan 3Department of Mathematics and Physics, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China 4Laboratory of Cosmic Ray and High Energy Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100039, China 5Department of Physics, South West Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China 6Department of Physics, Shangdong University, Jinan 250100, China 7Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan 8Faculty of Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan 9Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8582, Japan 10Department of Physics, Konan University, Kobe 658-8501, Japan 11Faculty of Systems Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Omiya 330-8570, Japan 12Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-0067, Japan 13Department of Physics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China 14National Institute of Informations, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan 15Tokyo Metropolitan College of Aeronautical Engineering, Tokyo 116-0003, Japan 16Shonan Institute of Technology, Fujisawa 251-8511, Japan 17Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
Received 5 January 2000; published 12 September 2000
Since 1996, a hybrid experiment consisting of an emulsion chamber and a burst detector array and the Tibet-II air-shower array has been operated at Yangbajing (4300 m above sea level) in Tibet. This experiment can detect air shower cores, called burst events, accompanied by air showers in excess of about 100 TeV. Using the burst event data observed by this experiment, we discuss the primary cosmic ray composition around the knee in comparison with the Monte Carlo simulations. In this paper, we show that all the features of burst events are wholly compatible with the heavy enriched composition in the knee energy region.
© 2000 The American Physical Society
URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.62.072007
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.072007
PACS:
98.70.Sa, 95.85.Ry, 96.40.De, 96.40.Pq
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