Direct detection of dark matter in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with non-universal Higgs boson masses

We calculate dark matter scattering rates in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (MSSM), allowing the soft supersymmetry-breaking masses of the Higgs multiplets, m_1,2, to be nonuniversal (NUHM). Compared with the constrained MSSM (CMSSM) in which m_1,2 are required to be equal to the soft supersymmetry-breaking masses m₀ of the squark and slepton masses, we find that the elastic scattering cross sections may be up to two orders of magnitude larger than values in the CMSSM for similar lightest supersymmetric particle masses. We find the following preferred ranges for the spin-independent cross section, 10^-6pb≳σ_SI≳10^-10pb, and, for the spin-dependent cross section, 10^-3pb≳σ_SD, with the lower bound on σ_SI dependent on using the putative constraint from the muon anomalous magnetic moment. We stress the importance of incorporating accelerator and dark matter constraints in restricting the NUHM parameter space, and also of requiring that no undesirable vacuum appear below the grand unified theory (GUT) scale. In particular, values of the spin-independent cross section another order of magnitude larger would appear to be allowed, for small tanβ, if the GUT vacuum stability requirement were relaxed, and much lower cross-section values would be permitted if the muon anomalous magnetic moment constraint were dropped.