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Phys. Rev. D 69, 103518 (2004) [25 pages]

Cosmic microwave background anisotropies in multiconnected flat spaces

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Alain Riazuelo*
Service de Physique Théorique, CEA/DSM/SPhT, Unité de recherche associée au CNRS, CEA/Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cédex, France

Jeffrey Weeks
15 Farmer St., Canton, New York 13617-1120, USA

Jean-Philippe Uzan
Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, GReCO, FRE 2435-CNRS, 98bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, CNRS-UMR 8627, Université Paris Sud, Bâtiment 210, F-91405 Orsay cédex, France

Roland Lehoucq§
CE-Saclay, DSM/DAPNIA/Service d’Astrophysique, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cédex, France
Laboratoire Univers et Théories, CNRS-UMR 8102, Observatoire de Paris, F-92195 Meudon cédex, France

Jean-Pierre Luminet**
Laboratoire Univers et Théories, CNRS-UMR 8102, Observatoire de Paris, F-92195 Meudon cédex, France

Received 13 November 2003; published 26 May 2004

This article investigates the signature of the seventeen multiconnected flat spaces in cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps. For each such space it recalls a fundamental domain and a set of generating matrices, and then goes on to find an orthonormal basis for the set of eigenmodes of the Laplace operator on that space. The basis eigenmodes are expressed as linear combinations of eigenmodes of the simply connected Euclidean space. A preceding work, which provides a general method for implementing multiconnected topologies in standard CMB codes, is then applied to simulate CMB maps and angular power spectra for each space. Unlike in the 3-torus, the results in most multiconnected flat spaces depend on the location of the observer. This effect is discussed in detail. In particular, it is shown that the correlated circles on a CMB map are generically not back to back, so that negative search of back-to-back circles in the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe data does not exclude a vast majority of flat or nearly flat topologies.

© 2004 The American Physical Society

URL:
http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.69.103518
DOI:
10.1103/PhysRevD.69.103518
PACS:
98.80.Jk, 02.40.Pc, 98.70.Vc

*Electronic address: riazuelo@iap.fr

Electronic address: weeks@geometrygames.org

Electronic address: uzan@iap.fr

§Electronic address: lehoucq@cea.fr

**Electronic address: jean-pierre.luminet@obspm.fr